Aim: To evaluate a sample of patients treated with orthognathic surgery, establishing the emotional and self-perception differences between the pre- and postsurgical assessment. Material and Methods: Several questionnaires (Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Oral Health Status Questionnaire, Post-Surgical Satisfaction Questionnaire) were administered to the sample of 30 patients; these were used to study the data related to body image, level of anxiety, eventual depressive status, quality of life, and postsurgical satisfaction. Results: The longitudinal study results outline the impact of orthognathic surgery on the psychological and emotional well-being of the patient and the need for the specialist to understand the emotional status and expectations of the patient. World J Orthod 2004;5:48–53.