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Aims: Many clinicians have not employed the frontal perspective. Therefore, the purposes
of this paper are to: (1) update the findings in morphology and growth in the transverse
dimension; (2) simplify evaluation of facial asymmetry using the Ricketts and Grummons
frontal analyses; and (3) describe practical clinical applications of anteroposterior images
and analysis. Methods: Maxillary width variations, frontal (anteroposterior) anatomic landmark
locations, and frontal tracing methods are specified. Asymmetry conditions are differentially
treated. Results: Utilizing frontal facial information, therapeutic approaches are
more specific and effective, while directed toward particular etiology. Occlusal plane, midline,
chin location, and smile esthetics are primarily addressed. Beautiful facial proportions
and smile harmony are demonstrated. Asymmetry of the facial parts is the rule, rather than
the exception. Conclusion: Patients view themselves from the frontal perspective, so this
carries priority in assessing problems and treatment outcomes. Facial harmony and smile
beauty are optimal when facial and dental midlines are aligned. The occlusal plane should
be level, or nearly so. The maxillary width should be sufficiently wide to be in harmony with
the individual patient facial type and morphology. The chin should be centered, or nearly
so. Best facial development and proportionality exist when the transverse skeletal and dental
components are optimized and symmetric. World J Orthod 2003;4:297–316.
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