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Volume 35 , Issue 2
March/April 2022
Pages 219–224

Influence of Viewing Distance on Visual Color Differentiation In Vitro

Thomas Klinke, DDS/Siegfried Bratner, DMedSc/Wolfgang Hannak, DDS/Klaus Boening, Prof DDS/Holger Jakstat, Prof DDS

PMID: 33769425
DOI: 10.11607/ijp.7115

Purpose: To investigate whether viewing distance influences the results of visual tooth color differentiation. Materials and Methods: A total of 65 students underwent both theoretical and practical training via a standardized lecture on an internet learning module and a standardized training program for visual shade-taking. Each student matched 10 randomly selected shade tabs presented at different viewing distances (arm’s length distance [AL, 70 cm] and AL/2 [35 cm]) under lateral, nonglare lighting at a 45-degree angle with a color differentiation lamp. The results were recorded as to what extent the presented and selected tabs of the color determination matched. Results: The overall median values of perceived color difference (ΔEab) were 1.6 for AL/2 and 3.2 for AL, and these values were significantly different (P < .001). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was shown that the viewing distance had a significant influence on the color deviation in tooth color assessment. Therefore, a smaller viewing distance of 35 cm for shade determination is recommended.

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